Optimizing any cooling plant for minimal energy consumption is a demanding science. In many cases, minimizing chiller plant energy consumption requires modifications to the plant design, including ...

Stacking is the abnormal accumulation of refrigerant in the condenser of a chiller. It is commonly caused by a decrease in the difference in pressure or lift between the condenser and the evaporator.

Flow reversal in piping systems can degrade equipment performance and cause significant water hammer, potentially resulting in catastrophic failure. Power plant condenser cooling water systems—or ...